The Importance of Forensic Tax and Accounting Knowledge to Prevent Fraud in New Normal Era

I. Made Laut Mertha Jaya, I. Made Narsa

Abstract

The purpose of this study to provide a new logic thinking that the fraudulent financial statement is also related to the sakes of tax evasion or fraud. This research is new in terms of disclosing the level of tax forensic knowledge to prevent tax fraud. The phenomenon of tax fraud has rarely been highlighted in several pieces of literature. This addition was made in order to provide a new logic thinking that the fraudulent financial statement is also related to the sakes of tax evasion or fraud. This study's population was 1,053 auditors, and the percentage level of leeway used was 10%. The questionnaires distributed were 300 copies or 28.49% of the population. The method of analysis of this research was applying Partial Least Square (PLS). This study found that forensic accounting and tax forensic knowledge positively affected the prevention of fraudulent financial statements in Indonesia's new normal era at this time. Although there were many studies on forensic accounting, none had collaborated with the level of forensic tax knowledge. Some parties are afraid when there is education about forensic tax knowledge in Indonesia, especially the new normal period towards the new world order.

 

Keywords: fraudulent financial statement, forensic tax, forensic accounting.

 

 


Full Text:

PDF


References


ASSOCIATION OF CERTIFIED FRAUD EXAMINERS. Survai Fraud Indonesia. Jakarta, 2016. https://acfe-indonesia.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/SURVAI-FRAUD-INDONESIA-2016_Final.pdf

JENSEN M. C., & MECKLING W. H. Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 1976, 3(4): 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X

KRANACHER M.-J., RILEY R., and WELLS J. T. Forensic Accounting and Fraud Examination. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

JAYA I. M. L. M., & NARSA I. M. The Beauty and the Beast of Earning Management in Indonesia. Opcion, 2020, 36(91): 1097–1140. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/opcion/article/view/32496

REZAAE Z. Financial Statement Fraud: Prevention and Detection. John Wiley and Sons, NewYork, 2002.

HEALY P. M. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 1985, 7(1–3): 85–107. https://doi.org/10.1145/320435

JONES J. J. Earnings Management during Import Relief Investigations. Journal of Accounting Research, 1991, 29(2): 193–228. https://econ.au.dk/fileadmin/Economics_Business/Education/Summer_University_2012/6308_Advanced_Financial_Accounting/Advanced_Financial_Accounting/4/Jones_1991_JAR.pdf

WATTS R., & ZIMMERMAN J. Positive Accounting Theory: A Ten Year Perspective. Accounting Review, 1990, 65(1): 131–156.

DECHOW P. M., SLOAN R. G., SWEENEY A. P., SLOAN R. G., and SWEENEY A. P. Detecting Earnings Management. Accounting Review, 1995, 70(2): 193–225.

RUSDIYANTO, & NARSA I. M. The Effect of Company Size, Leverage and Return on Asset on Earnings Management: Case Study Indonesian. Espacios, 2020, 41(17): 25. https://www.revistaespacios.com/a20v41n17/a20v41n17p25.pdf

KHALYMON S., POLOVNIKOV V., KRAVCHUK O., MARUSHCHAK O., and STRILETS O. Forensic Economic Examination as a Means Of Investigation And Counteraction Of Economic Crimes In East Europe (Example Of Ukraine). Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 2019, 22(3). https://www.abacademies.org/articles/forensic-economic-examination-as-a-means-of-investigation-and-counteraction-of-economic-crimes-in-east-europe-example-of-ukraine-8263.html

SAHDAN M. H., COWTON C. J., and DRAKE J. E. Forensic accounting services in English local government and the counter-fraud agenda. Public Money & Management, 2020, 40(5): 380–389. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2020.1714208

CHUKWU N., ASAOLU T. O., UWUIGBE O. R., UWUIGBE U., UMUKORO O. E., NASSAR L., and ALABI O. The impact of basic forensic accounting skills on financial reporting credibility among listed firms in Nigeria. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019, 331: 012041. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/331/1/012041

TUANAKOTTA T. M. Akuntansi Forensik dan Auditor Investigatif. 2nd ed. Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2010.

CRUMBLEY D. L., HEITGER L. E., and SMITH G. S. Forensic and Investigative Accounting. 4th ed. CCH, Chicago, Illinois, 2009.

TORGLER B. What Do We Know about Tax Fraud? An Overview of Recent Developments. Social Research, 2008, 75(4): 1239–1270. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/527635/pdf

ÇULE M., & FULTON M. Business culture and tax evasion: Why corruption and the unofficial economy can persist. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2009, 72(3): 811–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.08.005

PUTONG I. H., LAKSMANA A., and NARSA I. M. The Effect of Vertical and Horizontal Trust on Voluntary Tax Compliance (An Experimental Study). Proceedings of the International Conference on Ethics in Governance, 2017, pp. 15–19. https://doi.org/10.2991/iconeg-16.2017.4

ALLINGHAM M., & SANDMO A. Income Tax Evasion: A Theoretical Analysis. Journal of Public Economics, 1972, 1(3-4): 323-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(74)90037-1

LEVAGGI R., & MENONCIN F. Optimal dynamic tax evasion. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2013, 37(11): 2157–2167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2013.06.007

RABLEN M. D. Tax evasion and exchange equity: A reference-dependent approach. Public Finance Review, 2010, 38(3): 282–305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1091142110367858

CARLEY K. M. Understanding Taxpayer Behavior and Assessing Potential IRS Interventions Using Multiagent Dynamic-Network Simulation. 2005. https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/06carley.pdf

FRECKNALL-HUGHES J., & KIRCHLER E. Towards a General Theory of Tax Practice. Social & Legal Studies, 2015, 24(2): 289–312. https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663915571787

AZWAR S. Sikap Manusia, Teori dan Pengukurannya. Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta, 1995.

FELD L. P., & FREY B. S. Tax Compliance as the Result of a Psychological Tax Contract: The Role of Incentives and Responsive Regulation. Law and Policy, 2007, 29: 102-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9930.2007.00248.x

RITSATOS T. Tax evasion and compliance; From the neo classical paradigm to behavioural economics, a review. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 2014, 10(2): 244–262. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-07-2012-0059

AKINBOWALE O. E., KLINGELHÖFER H. E., and ZERIHUN M. F. An innovative approach in combating economic crime using forensic accounting techniques. Journal of Financial Crime, 2020, 27(4): 1253-1271. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2020-0053

ASUQUO A. Empirical Analysis of The Impact of Information Technology On Forensic Accounting Practice In Cross River State- Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2012, 1(7): 25-33. http://paper.researchbib.com/view/paper/2407

KARWAI M. Forensic Accounting and Fraud Investigation for Non-Expert. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2004.

OKOYE E. I., & GBEGI D. O. Forensic Accounting: A Tool for Fraud Detection and Prevention in the Public Sector. (A Study of Selected Ministries in Kogi State). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2013, 3(3): 1–19. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324529399_Forensic_Accounting_A_Tool_for_Fraud_Detection_and_Prevention_in_the_Public_Sector_A_Study_of_Selected_Ministries_in_Kogi_State

BHASIN M. An Emperical Investigation of the Relevant Skills of Forensic Accountants: Experience of a Developing Economy. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, 2013, 1(2): 11–52. https://www.eajournals.org/journals/european-journal-of-accounting-auditing-and-finance-research-ejaafr/vol-1-issue-2-june-2013/an-empirical-investigation-of-the-relevant-skills-of-forensic-accountants-experience-of-a-developing-economy/

OLSSON J. Forensic Linguistics. 2nd ed. Continuum International Publishing Group, London, 2008.

MOMENI N. „Fraud in Judicial System‟ as a Language Crime: Forensic Linguistics Approach. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2012, 2(6): 1263–1269. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.6.1263-1269

SMITH S. S., & SHUY R. W. Forensic psycholinguistics: Using language analysis for identifying and assessing offenders. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 2002: 16-21. http://www.diogenesllc.com/statementlinguistics.pdf

SIAHAAN M., UMAR H., and PURBA R. B. Fraud Star Drives to Asset Misappropriation Moderated by Internal Controls. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(4). https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.54.4.24

DAVID L. S. Forensic Psychologocal Assessment: An Integrative Approach. Allyn & Bacon, 1984.

FISHBEIN M., & AJZEN I. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1975.

HONIGSBERG C. Forensic Accounting. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 2020, 16: 423–431. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-020320-022159

DAUENHAUER J., HEFFERNAN K., WEBBER K., SMOKER K., CACCAMISE P., and GRANATA A. Utilization of a forensic accountant to investigate financial exploitation of older adults. The Journal of Adult Protection, 2020, 22(3): 141–152. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAP-01-2020-0001

ISLAM T. H. J., & RAHMAN H. Forensic Accounting as a Tool for Detecting Fraud and Corruption: An Empirical Study in Bangladesh. ASA University Review, 2011, 5(2): 77-85. http://www.asaub.edu.bd/data/asaubreview/v5n2sl6.pdf

HUBER W. D. Is Forensic Accounting in the United States Becoming a Profession? Journal of Forensic & Investigative Accounting, 2012, 4(1): 255–284. https://s3.amazonaws.com/web.nacva.com/JFIA/Issues/JFIA-2012-1_9.pdf

AKINBOWALE O. E. Information communication technology and forensic accounting in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Finance Management Research, 2018, 6: 1–7.

EHIOGHIREN E. E. Forensic accounting and fraud management: evidence from Nigeria. Igbinedion University Journal of Accounting, 2016, 2: 245–308.

CLAYTON M. M. Investigative techniques. In: GOLDEN T. J. A Guide to Forensic Accounting Investigation. Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2006.

GBEGI D. O., & ADEBISI J. F. Forensic accounting skills and techniques in fraud investigation in the Nigerian public sector. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2014, 5(3): 243-252. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p243

JOSHI M. S. Definition of forensic accounting, 2003. https://www.forensicaccounting.com/

ZYSMAN A. Forensic Accounting Demystified, world investigators network Standard practice for investigative and forensic accounting engagements. Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountant, Toronto, 2004.

HEALY P. M., & WAHLEN J. M. A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and Its Implications for Standard Setting. Accounting Horizons, 1999, 13(4): 365-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch.1999.13.4.365

PASEKOVÁ M., KRAMNÁ E., SVITÁKOVÁ B., and DOLEJŠOVÁ M. Relationship between legislation and accounting errors from the point of view of business representatives in the Czech Republic. Oeconomia Copernicana, 2019, 10(1): 193-210. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2019.010

SVABOVA L., KRAMAROVA K., CHUTKA J., and STRAKOVA L. Detecting earnings manipulation and fraudulent financial reporting in Slovakia. Oeconomia Copernicana, 2020, 11(3): 485–508. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2020.020

WANG S., & CHEN S. The Motivation for Tax Avoidance in Earnings Management. Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering and Business Management, 2012, pp. 447–450. https://file.scirp.org/pdf/EBM2012_2013042216154683.pdf

WILLEY K. M. Stock market short-termism: law, regulation, and reform. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22903-0

SLOVIN E. Slovin’s Formula for Sampling Technique. New York, 1960.

LIKERT R. A technique for measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 1932, 140: 5-55.

YUESTI A., & RATNADI N. M. D. Behaviour of Financial Management for Small and Medium Enterprises in the New Normal Era. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(6). https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.55.6.42

FERINA I. S., MULYANI S., AFIA N. N., and POULUS S. The Zero Fraud Implementation through the Innovation of Information Technology and Organizational Culture. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(1): 324-334. http://jsju.org/index.php/journal/article/view/821


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.