ESTABLISHING DIVERSIFIED FORMS OF OWNERSHIP IN AGRICULTURE AND CHANGING THE ATTITUDE OF THE FARMER TO THE LAND.
Abstract
: From the first years of independence, special attention has been paid to the development and progress of the agricultural sector, which is an important branch of the economy of our country. Since in Soviet times, agriculture was in a difficult situation, and the standard of living of agricultural specialists was falling. Instead of wages and material and moral incentives for industry specialists, "socialist competitions" were organized to honor "specially" selected "winners of labor" - foremen, machine operators, engineers. As a result, by the end of the 1980s, Uzbekistan, like the entire Union, faced a deep socio-economic crisis. The situation in Uzbekistan was much worse than in other republics of the Union. The reason is that the cotton monopoly, which dominated the republic's economy for many years, did not allow other industries to develop. According to the information from 1989, the republic was behind the country by 40 percent in industrial productivity and twice as much in agricultural productivity. The number of unemployed in the country reached 1 million man [1]. Most of these people left for the countryside. In 1990, 108.5 thousand hectares of land were allocated to agricultural specialists and the rural population. In Surkhandarya region alone, about 7,000 hectares of land have been allocated to 41,401 farmers who were in need of land. In 1991 this figure reached 12,000 hectares. In the first years of independence, to provide material and moral support to agricultural workers, the laws “On land”, “On cooperation”, “On lease”, “On dekhkan farms” were adopted. Also Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan on November 21, 1991 PD-295 "On the further strengthening of dekhkan (farm) farms and state support for entrepreneurial activity in the republic" and other similar government decrees are of practical importance for the introduction of new legal relations that protect the interests of specialists in the agricultural sector, serve as a guide to the formation of a diversified economy, development of entrepreneurship, farming and backyard farming.
Keywords:
: agricultural specialists, reforms, private property, leasing.Full Text:
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