THE ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF THE ORDINARY AND BURNT REMAINS OF BROOM SORGHUM ON GERMINATION AND DETERMINATION OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS

Faezeh Shahmohammadi Ph.D. Student of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran, Email: f.shahmohammadi66@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3649-9707
Mehrdad Abdi* Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran, dr.mehrdad.abdi@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-6901
Ali Faramarzi Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran, Email: aliifaramarzii52@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6008-8487
Jalil Ajali Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran, Email: jalil.ajali@yahoo.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-8170
Hassan Nourafcan Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran, Email: hassannourafcan@gmail.com ; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-2489-1787

Abstract

Self-poisoning is actually a negative intra-species allelopathy and happens when the released chemical materials from a plant inhibit germination and growth of the same species plant. In this regard, a research was conducted as a completely randomized factorial design with 2 replications in 2020 to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of the ordinary and the burnt aerial parts extract of broom sorghum on the seeds germination of broom sorghum, alfalfa, barley, beans, canola, wheat, and corn in the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch. Then, the ordinary and burnt remain of phenol compounds in broom sorghum were examined at various times and concentrations. The maximum reduction in the germination and initial growth of broom sorghum was in 8% extract concentration. The burnt remain of broom sorghum increased the initial growth and germination traits of agricultural products than its ordinary type. Weight of seedling was decreased by increasing the extract concentration. The burnt remain of broom sorghum increased the seedlings weight in all plants in all the evaluated traits than the ordinary broom sorghum. This increase was higher in sorghum, alfalfa, corn, and canola than the other plants. Allelopathic traits were higher in the burnt remains than the ordinary ones. The ordinary remains increase the wet weight and the burnt remains increase the dry weight of plants. Allelopathic effect of the ordinary remain of broom sorghum on the seedling of sunflower, the burnt remain on the rootlet length of wheat, and the ratio of rootlet of wheat than the other studied traits were higher in various sampling steps. The amounts of phenol compounds in ordinary remains of broom sorghum were different in different sampling times. Ordinary remains of broom sorghum had a high amount of phenol compounds in November, December, and January. The ordinary remains of broom sorghum had the maximum amount of phenol compounds in November and December. Therefore, they probably caused the maximum rainfall in germination indexes of broom sorghum. The plant type was different in various concentrations based on the production of the phenolic compound from each other. The phenolic compound in all concentration in leaves was higher than the stem. The effect of various concentrations in two organs of stem and leaf of broom sorghum changes the number, type, and size of phenolic compounds. This difference in size, type, and amount of allelochemical substances in different organs of this plant is influenced by various levels of extract concentration on allelopathic potential of broom sorghum. Generally, it can be claimed that the extract concentration can influence on the allelopathic potential of broom sorghum by changing the quality and quality of phenolic compounds.

Keywords:

: allelopathic, allelochemical, germination traits, allelopathy, quality and quantity of phenolic compounds


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References


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