Gautam Palshikar
PhD Research Scholar, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
P. Shanmuga Pandiyan
Research Supervisor, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur and working as Professor and Dean in School of Pharmacy, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, Deemed to be university, Chennai-119.
Abstract
Background and Aim-
Plants live on a planet with days and seasons, and that affects their phytoconstituents. Challenge is, availability of active principles in medicinal plants change by seasonal fluctuations, so their dose pattern for therapeutic efficacy also gets influenced. The best duration for the harvesting of specific secondary metabolites for better yield is not fixed. Seasonal impact show changes in important constituents like polyphenol, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, essential oil etc. Late summer is the best collection time for essential oil component. Winter and rainy are best season for other secondary metabolites.
Experimental procedure
The selected plant i.e. Justicia adhatoda, belongs to alkaloidal category with having antidiabetic activity. Plants were evaluated for pharmacognostic study which includes macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, determination of physicochemical parameters in a systematic way. HPTLC fingerprinting for vasicine was done. Study was performed for plant material with three different seasons and best results were analysed.
Results and Conclusion
All the plants showed correct taxonomy with specific morphological, microscopical and physico-chemical parameters which is helpful for the standardization of drugs. Extracts showed presence of alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, saponin and carbohydrate. HPTLC fingerprinting confirmed the presence of vasicine in the plant extracts. Seasonal variations occour in plant constituent shows best collection period. Current research aims to focus on best possible season for the harvesting of some pharmaceutically important plant materials.
Keywords:
Secondary metabolites, Herbal medicines, alkaloids, antidiabetic, seasonal variations
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