CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19
Erkin N. Bilalov
Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent medical academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: dr.ben58@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3484-1225
Laziz N. Tuychiev
Department of Infectious Diseases, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: rector@tma.uz, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2312-8640
Shukhrat A. Boymuradov
Department of ENT and maxillofacial surgery, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: sh.boymurodov@tma.uz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6668-0024
Okil I. Oripov
Ophthalmology department, Tashkent Medical Academy, 100109, Farobiy street 2, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: okil.oripov@mail.ru, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8705-3740
Bakhodir E. Bilalov
Department of Ophthalmology, Tashkent medical academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: tma-glaz@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2880
Rajab Isroilov
Republican center of pathological anatomy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: iri_rpac@mail.ru
Azamat Yusupov
Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of eye microsurgery, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: eye-center.conf@inbox.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-5091
Akhmadjon Nozimov
Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of eye microsurgery, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, e-mail: dr.nae@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8315-3429
Abstract
COVID-19 associated coagulopathy is the cause of many thrombotic complications in coronavirus infection. One of the possible ophthalmic complications of COVID-19 may be cavernous sinus thrombosis. Cavernous sinus thrombosis associated with COVID-19 has a number of specific features of the clinical course and is due to both the development of coagulopathy and pathological changes in the vascular walls.
Hereby we study the case series of cavernous sinus thrombosis associated with COVID-19 and determine the basis of their development and disease course after coronavirus infection.
12 patients with cavernous sinus thrombosis were under observation. All patients had the history of a previously confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and its specific treatment. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination with the inclusion of consultations of related specialists, imaging methods, laboratory tests and pathomorphological study. 6 archive cases of cavernous sinus thrombosis not associated with COVID-19 were studied as control group.
The analyzed cases of cavernous sinus thrombosis had a specific clinical course. According to the characteristics of the dynamics of development and the timing of the development of pathognomonic signs, they cannot be clearly attributed to the aseptic or septic form. In study group, most of the patients showed a significant increase in the level of fibrinogen up to 5 times. The values of other indicators remained in most cases within the normal range or slightly increased. In addition to the standard indicators of the coagulogram, the D-dimer level was determined, which showed a 3-4-fold increase. Pathomorphological study shown a stagnation and sludge phenomenon of erythrocytes with a thinning of the wall in venous vessels.
Analysis of case series of cavernous sinus thrombosis showed that based on the data of clinical, laboratory and morphological studies, it can be concluded that the development of such dangerous complication may be connected with COVID-19 associated coagulopathy.
Keywords:
COVID-19 associated coagulopathy; ophthalmic symptoms; cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST); D-dimers;
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