The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research on the substantiation of the parameters of the working bodies of energy-saving potato diggers for irrigated lands in Uzbekistan. The developed design diagrams of energy-saving potato diggers and diagrams of their technological process with an indication of the main parameters are described.
The rational parameters of the digging machines, which ensure the minimum energy consumption when digging potatoes, have been determined: the width of the main share is 45 cm, the intermediate share is 10-15 cm, the opening angle is 900.
The parameters of the supporting-clod-breaking device were optimized: width 450 mm, diameter of the middle part 204 mm, diameter of the circle along which elastic rods are located 421 mm, diameter of the device disk 550 mm, diameter and length of elastic rods 3.0-4.0 mm and 555mm, their number 45 pcs, vertical load 1.0 kH,
The rational parameters of the ripper and the swathe were found: the angle of the ripper's circumference is not less than 1200, the arc step is 38.9 cm, the radius of the circle is 22.5 cm, the length of the ripper's arc is 47.1 cm, the length of the ripper is 120 cm, the width of the swathe is device - 140 cm, the angle of installation of the swathe grates - 450, the length of the grates - 50 cm, the length of the grate bars - 45 cm.
Comparative tests indicated an increase in the degree of soil separation in the summer and autumn periods, respectively, by 19.2-23.6% and 17.9-19.8%, an increase in the completeness of potato harvesting by 6.5-10.0% and 7.1- 8.9%, a decrease in the degree of damage to tubers by 8.4-11.1% and 4.7-5.3%, an increase in the productivity of the unit by 25.0%, a decrease in labor costs by 60.0%, and operating costs for 31.5% when using an experimental potato-digger machine with the recommended parameters of the equip.
The use of the recommended walk-behind tractor with an improved technology potato-digger reduces damage to tubers by 5-6%, increases productivity by 20%, reduces labor costs by 50%, and operating costs by 19%.
Keywords:
:
: Potato-digger, walk-behind tractor, clod-breaking device, sectional share, elevator, ripper
References
References:
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